This is the documentation for the latest (main) development branch of Zephyr. If you are looking for the documentation of previous releases, use the drop-down menu on the left and select the desired version.

Hawkbit Direct Device Integration API sample

Overview

The hawkbit update server provides REST resources which are consumed by the device to retrieve software update tasks. This API is based on HTTP standards and a polling mechanism.

This sample shows how to use Hawkbit DDI API in both a polling and manual update mode.

Polling mode run automatically on a predefined period, probing the server for updates and installing them without requiring user intervention. You can access the sample source code for this hawkbit_polling.

Manual mode requires the user to call the server probe and then, if there is an available update, it will install the update. You can access the sample source code for this mode hawkbit_manual

Caveats

  • The Zephyr port of Hawkbit is configured to run on a :ref: Freedom-K64F MCU by default. The application should build and run for other platforms with support internet connection. Some platforms need some modification. Overlay files would be needed to support BLE 6lowpan, 802.15.4 or OpenThread configurations as well as the understanding that most other connectivity options would require an edge gateway of some sort (Border Router, etc).

  • The MCUboot bootloader is required for Hawkbit to function properly. More information about the Device Firmware Upgrade subsystem and MCUboot can be found in MCUboot.

Building and Running

The below steps describe how to build and run the Hawkbit sample in Zephyr. Where examples are given, it is assumed the sample is being build for the Freedom-K64F Development Kit (BOARD=frdm_k64f).

Step 1: Build MCUboot

Build MCUboot by following the instructions in the MCUboot documentation page.

Step 2: Flash MCUboot

Flash the resulting image file to the 0x0 address of the flash memory. This can be done by,

west flash

Step 3: Start the Hawkbit Docker

By default, the hawkbit application is set to run on http at port:8080.

sudo docker run -p 8080:8080 hawkbit/hawkbit-update-server:latest \
--hawkbit.dmf.rabbitmq.enabled=false \
--hawkbit.server.ddi.security.authentication.anonymous.enabled=true

This will start the hawkbit server on the host system.Opening your browser to the server URL, <your-ip-address>:8080, and logging into the server using admin as the login and password by default.

Step 4: Build Hawkbit

Hawkbit can be built for the frdm_k64f as follows:

# From the root of the zephyr repository
west build -b frdm_k64f samples/net/hawkbit -- -DCONF_FILE="prj.conf"

Step 5: Sign and confirm the first image

From this section onwards you use a binary (.bin) image format.

west sign -t imgtool -- --key \
~/zephyrproject/bootloader/mcuboot/root-rsa-2048.pem --confirm \
--version 1.0.0

The command above creates a signed and confirmed image file called zephyr.signed.confirmed.bin in the build directory. It’s important for the first image to be confirmed as MCUboot isn’t able to confirm an image that is flashed using a hardware tool, and Hawkbit will reboot to trigger a firmware swap if it isn’t able to confirm the running image on init.

Step 6: Flash the first image

Upload the zephyr.signed.confirmed.bin file from Step 5 to image slot-0 of your board.

west flash --bin-file build/zephyr/zephyr.signed.confirmed.bin

Once the image is flashed and booted, the sample will print the image build time to the console. After it connects to the internet, in hawkbit server UI, you should see the the frdm_k64f show up in the Targets pane. It’s time to upload a firmware binary to the server, and update it using this UI.

Step 7: Building and signing the test image

The easiest way to test the functionality of Hawkbit is to repeat step 4 to build the sample again, so that the build time will be different. Then, similar to step 5, sign the image and assign it a different version number but without confirming it like so:

west sign -t imgtool -- --key \
~/zephyrproject/bootloader/mcuboot/root-rsa-2048.pem \
--version 1.0.1

The command above creates a signed image file called zephyr.signed.bin in the build directory.

Upload the signed image to the server. Click Upload icon in left pane of UI and create a new Software Module with type Apps (name:hawkbit,version:1.0.1). Then upload the signed image to the server with Upload file Icon.

Click on distribution icon in the left pane of UI and create a new Distribution with type Apps only (name:frdm_k64f_update,version:1.0.1). Assign the hawkbit software module to the created distribution. Click on Deployment icon in the left pane of UI and assign the frdm_k64f_update distribution to the target frdm_k64f.

Step 8: Run the update

Back in the terminal session that you used for debugging the board, type the following command:

hawkbit run

And then wait. The board will ping the server, check if there are any new updates, and then download the update you’ve just created. If everyting goes fine the message Image flashed successfully, you can reboot now will be printed on the terminal.

Step 9: Reboot the system

In the terminal you used for debugging the board, type the following command:

kernel reboot cold

Your board will reboot and then start with the new image. After rebooting, the board will print a different image build time then automatically ping the server again and the message No update available will be printed on the terminal.

Step 10: Clone and build hawkbit with https

Below steps clone and build the hawkbit with self-signed certificate to support https.

git clone https://github.com/eclipse/hawkbit.git
cd hawkbit/hawkbit-runtime/hawkbit-update-server/src/main/resources

  • Generate the private key

openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048

  • Generate the CSR

openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr

Once you run the command, it will prompt you to enter your Country, State, City, Company name and enter the Comman Name field with <your-ip-address>.

  • Generate the self-signed x509 certificate suitable to use on web server.

openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt

  • Generate pem file from generated server.key and server.crt

cat server.key > server.pem
cat server.crt >> server.pem

  • Generate .pkcs12 file

openssl pkcs12 -export -in server.pem -out keystore.pkcs12

  • Following command imports a .p12 into pkcs12 Java keystore

keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore keystore.pkcs12 -srcstoretype pkcs12 \
-destkeystore hb-pass.jks -deststoretype pkcs12 \
-alias 1 -deststorepass <password_of_p12>

  • Edit the hawkbit application.properties file

vi application.properties

Change authentication security from false to true.

hawkbit.server.ddi.security.authentication.anonymous.enabled=true

  • Enter the https details at last

server.hostname=localhost
server.port=8443
hawkbit.artifact.url.protocols.download-http.protocol=https
hawkbit.artifact.url.protocols.download-http.port=8443

security.require-ssl=true
server.use-forward-headers=true

server.ssl.key-store=  <hb-pass.jks file location>
server.ssl.key-store-type=JKS
server.ssl.key-password= <password_of_key>
server.ssl.key-store-password= <password_of_key_store>

server.ssl.protocol=TLS
server.ssl.enabled-protocols=TLSv1.2
server.ssl.ciphers=TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256,
                   TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA

  • Start Compile

cd ~/hawkbit

mvn clean install -DskipTests=true

  • Once the build is successful, run hawkbit

java -jar ./hawkbit-runtime/hawkbit-update-server/target/ \
     hawkbit-update-server-#version#-SNAPSHOT.jar

Step 11: Build Hawkbit HTTPS

  • Convert the server.pem file to self_sign.der and place the der file in hawkbit/src directory

Hawkbit https can be built for the frdm_k64f as follows:

# From the root of the zephyr repository
west build -b frdm_k64f samples/net/hawkbit -- -DCONF_FILE="prj.conf overlay-tls.conf"

Repeat the steps from 5 to 9, to update the device over https.